勃艮第葡萄酒国际头号酒评人Allen Meadows给你学习建议

图文:陆江(Lu Jiang)

前些日子,我在北京有幸采访到勃艮第葡萄酒国际头号酒评人Allen Meadows。他对勃艮第葡萄酒的酒评词和打分,是众多勃艮第酒爱好者中争议最少,甚至会对一些被点评的勃艮第酒的价格产生影响,他撰写的《Burgundy Vintages – A History from 1845》和《The Pearl of the Côte–the Great Wines of Vosne-Romanée》也是勃艮第酒学习的常用工具书。Allen Meadows这次来北京,是和香港酒商TFWE合作活动。

言归正传,这次因为采访的主题中,关于“如何有效学习勃艮第酒”,是现在国内不少勃艮第爱好者遇到的常见困惑。Allen Meadows先生给了些坦诚的建议,以及他的心得观点。

陆江:国内越来越多爱好者喜欢勃艮第葡萄酒,可又觉得太难太复杂,有些朋友花了很多钱买勃艮第酒来喝,可他们还是觉得没有取得明显进展。您是否可以给这些朋友一些学习勃艮第酒的建议。

Allen Meadows:

是的,勃艮第酒很复杂,的确没有容易的学习方式。基本来说还是要看书,要掌握一些勃艮第葡萄酒基础知识和产区命名(AOC)体系的结构。勃艮第的村子,历史,宗教,特级园,你可以不必全部记住那些具体名号,但你要知道勃艮第产区命名(AOC)体系如何运行(LU注:这相当于勃艮第葡萄酒知识体系的骨架)。

尽管有了这些知识,在别人提到例如Suchot时,你还是不知道这是沃罗曼尼村的一级园。很遗憾,我没有特别容易的方法。还是要花时间在这上面,你花了足够的时间,才能成为这方面的专家。尽管的确很复杂。

我们美国有句谚语,天下没有白吃的午餐。你可以现在花时间,也可以以后花时间,但你必须要花时间。在这方面你要花必要的钱也要花必要的精力和努力。这是你对学习勃艮第的投入。

陆江:一些朋友告诉我,他们喝了各个产区最贵的酒,以为通过这样,就能学习什么是好酒,知道好酒的标准。但结果并不理想,并没有找到所谓好酒的标准。对这部分爱好者,您有什么建议?

Allen Meadows:

我理解他们为什么这样做,这几乎是人性的本能特质。最高峰在哪里,我要去攀登它,有人说是罗曼尼康帝(Romanee Conti),拉塔希(La Tache),香贝坛(Chambertin),里奇堡(Richebourg),但只有一个最高峰,哪一个是。你应该没法知道那个最高,到底多高才算高,多好才算好。

所以我每次开基础课时,我都是建议爱好者先从勃艮第命名体系金字塔底部开始往上喝,再往下喝。如果开始就是特级园(Grand Cru),他就会错过实力差不多的一级园,少了很多趣味,还有大区和村级里的好玩的酒。

从下往上喝,你也能省很多钱,酒的价差有时会超过50倍。如果开始顶部,你很难了解哪些是真的很好,哪些是真的很差,你是无法理解的。因为勃艮第是勃艮第,和波尔多,巴罗洛(Barolo),加州的赤霞珠不同,你没有洞察力,你是很难判断一款勃艮第酒的水准品质。你最多只会说我喜欢或我不喜欢,你也就能表达这一点(葡萄酒在线)。

如果你开发你对品质的洞察力,你就有能力说,这武玖园(Clos Vougeot)真的很好,或者说这个一般般,或这酒不太好。你需要更多范围的品鉴来建立你的洞察力判断力,像我开一些主题品鉴就是为了这方向,今天上午我做的品鉴会就是让生产者来分享一些角度。

陆江:关于您提到的对品质的洞察力,这是否要和风格的喜好分开判断?

Allen Meadows:

对,这是不同的,我们要对酒杯里酒的品质有洞察力判断力,而不是只听别人说,被市场营销所影响。酒的品质不会撒谎。我以酒评人身份和消费者身份做判断,会有区别。

当作为酒评人,我会判断酒杯里是什么,品质做得如何,这时风格不在我考虑范围内,因为风格不是品质。

酿酒师说喜欢橡木桶长时间培养或者短时间培养,或者带梗/不带梗,也有希望年轻时就容易喝或者要15年后才能喝,这些都是风格范畴,与品质无关(葡萄酒在线)。

另外,我自己买一些品质不错并且也是我个人喜欢的酒,这是我的风格偏好,我买来放在自己的酒窖里。 我很少买100%新橡木桶培养的酒,很多人会说Allen Meadow不喜欢新桶,可这只是我的个人喜好。事实上,我给我客户推荐酒时,根据客户风格喜好,还是会推荐100%新橡木桶培养的酒,因为只要它品质的确做得很好。

我会尽力把品质和风格区分开,分别判断。

归纳Allen Meadows关于学习的建议:

  1. 首先要知道勃艮第基础知识,尤其产区命名(AOC)体系的结构和如何运行,然后还是要投入时间精力和钱,勃艮第酒学习上没有什么捷径,一分付出一分回报。
  2. 建议从勃艮第命名(AOC)体系金字塔的底部往上喝,从大区和村级,到一级园和特级园,通过多范围的对比品鉴,建立自己对品质的洞察力和判断能力。
  3. 学会区分品质判断和风格喜好的差异。

采访人:陆江(Lu Jiang)

Decanter亚洲葡萄酒大赛(DAWA)等多个国际国内葡萄酒大赛专家评委;曾为国内多个餐厅美食指南(榜单)评委;《葡萄酒在线》主编、《Decanter中文版-醇鉴中国》撰稿人,葡萄酒行业咨询顾问,资深葡萄酒收藏顾问和买手,美食美酒旅游类撰稿人。

Food and wine pairing in China: Technicalities ruin the fun

By  Maxime LU/ 陆江
7 February 2018

(Published on Decanter China, the Chinese version of Decanter)

Food and wine pairing ‘helps but won’t drastically boost wine sales’ in China, despite the enormous number of wine and dine events being held in the country, said Chinese trade professionals

Distributors: Pairings don’t boost sales

There is no clear sign that the widespread media coverage and many events on food and wine pairing in China have directly helped wine sales, according to several importers and distributors.

‘Most of our customers drink wine for business occasions,’ said Christian Zhang, chief sommelier of Noah’s Yacht Club in Shanghai. ‘They still only have very basic knowledge about wine and pairing. The concept of wine pairing helps, but won’t make a huge difference in sales.’

At retail stores, ‘we are rarely asked about food pairing options by our customers,’ said YANG Zuyan, fine wine and projects manager of Pudao Wines.

‘To properly pair food with wine, you need a certain level of wine knowledge. While media and trade professionals are interested in the concept, their buying power is limited. Real consumers, however, don’t have [the] knowledge to be influenced by the concept,’ said Yang.

‘To make a sale, it’s key for us to demonstrate scenarios in which consumers can picture themselves drinking wine,’ said WANG Xiaoshan, Market Director of Joyvio, a wine importer owned by Legend Holdings, which also owns Lenovo.

‘If we start lecturing them on what wine they should choose if they’re going to eat a certain dish, things get too complicated and they won’t remember anyway,’ Wang said.

‘[Food and wine pairing] is additional information for consumers, and may help them to picture themselves enjoying the wine with food, but that’s about it,’ said Ma Tao, general manager of B2B wine distributer Wajiu.com.

‘For the general public, fine wine and dining is still considered as something enjoyed only by the white-collar elites, despite the heavy media coverage on the subject. In most cases, people still drink wines for quaffing and “Ganbei (bottoms up)” in China.’

Meanwhile, the concept of food and wine pairing as a branding and communication tool is considered important by producers and regional bodies, which stress that localised and less ‘textbook’ pairings tend to work better in China.

Producers: Non-textbook communication is the key

‘We wouldn’t rely on food and wine pairing events to push sales,’ said WU Xiaoxia, head of marketing in Changyu, the biggest wine producing company in China.

‘Culturally speaking, the majority of Chinese consumers care more about who they drink with and what the occasion is, so they pay less attention to what they drink. Plus, they usually have a variety of dishes laid out on the table at once, so the textbook course-based rules of Western wine pairing won’t work here,’ Wu said.

‘The key is to focus the pairing around Chinese food,’ said CHEN Lizhong, owner of Xinjiang-based boutique winery Tiansai.

‘We used the concept of Chinese food and wine pairing to promote our rosé, dry white and an easy-drinking red wine range, and we saw some growth in sales.’

The experimental and ‘fun’ elements of pairing are ideal to ‘bring Chinese consumers closer to wine’, especially during wine-themed dinners featuring local dishes, said YIN Kai, president of Castel China.

Food and wine pairing is an ‘important method’ for promoting Australian wines in China, agreed Willa Yang, Wine Australia’s head of market for China.

However, instead of teaching consumers about pairing roles, the regional body focuses more on helping Chinese consumers to ‘form the habit’ of having wines with food, Yang added.

‘Technicalities would ruin the fun and enjoyment of wine drinking,’ said Judy Chan, owner of Grace Vineyard.

‘However, when you start to recognise the basic principles of food and wine pairing, you will be better informed when choosing a bottle to buy, and naturally find more enjoyment in the pairing experiments.’

Food and wine: The ideal occasions

High-end restaurants that serve Western or Japanese food, as well as the more ‘westernised’ modern Chinese food restaurants, tend to naturally fit the concept or food and wine pairing, said professionals.

Fine wine and dining experiences are still important for promoting premium wines, said Ma Tao of Wajiu.com.

‘”Wine by the glass” and special pairing menus are welcomed by our customers,’ said Christian Zhang of Noah’s Yacht Club. ‘Wine region-themed promotions, such as ‘Rioja and restaurant week’, also help us to sell,’ he added.

Major events hosted in hotels, such as weddings, are also opportunities to promote wine via food pairings, said Wang Xiaoshan of Joyvio.

‘The guests tend to pay more attention to the choice of wine and food for the occasion, because they demonstrate the taste of the host.’

 

(Editing by Chris Mercer)

Translated by Sylvia Wu

Exclusive – Hit Chinese reality show music director: My life as a wine enthusiast

By Maxime Lu / 陆江

(Published on DecanterChina.COM,  Chinese version of Decanter.)

The mega hit reality TV show ‘I am a Singer 我是歌手’ needs little introduction to the Chinese audience. Ever since its first season in 2013 one of the top producers in Greater China, Kubert Leung, has been the music director for this highly popular show.The musician, who came from Hong Kong, is known to the Chinese audience as a talented, gentle and elegant producer in the world of music (as well as for being a low-key workaholic who never leaves his studio). Few, however, would have imagined that the musician is also a serious wine enthusiast in his personal life.This month Decanter speaks exclusively to the award-winning music producer. Read all about Kubert Leung’s life as a wine lover.

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Image credit Kubert Leung

Q: How did you fall in love with wine? Which are your favourite wine regions at the moment?

Kubert Leung: When I was studying in New York many years ago, there was a big wine shop near my house. I would go there to buy some wines. These were my first experience with wines, mainly produced in the US, though I wasn’t really drawn to wine just yet.Fortunately, I had a Chinese friend whose uncle worked for a high-end local restaurant. From time to time he would bring unfinished wines from the diners, and I would get to try them whenever I visited their house. ‘What good wines do you have this time?’ was always my first line at the door. These wines gave me access to many of the most famous and interesting wine regions and producers outside the US.When I went back to Hong Kong in 1997, I grew a habit of drinking whiskeys, as they were easier to store, and I could take my time to finish them. At that time, we didn’t have many wines to choose from, until Hong Kong abolished its tariffs on wine.From five years ago, I started to visit Mainland China frequently and now I’m based in Beijing. Here I met a group of enthusiasts who share my passion for wine, and my interest in wine grew stronger.What I drink the most at the moment are wines from Burgundy and Italy. I’m fascinated by the finesse and elegance of Burgundy, as well as the versatile characters of Italian wines.

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Image credit Kubert Leung

 

Q: Who is in your ‘wine circle’? Tell us a little bit about your wine gatherings in Beijing.

Kubert Leung: My wine friends come from various professions; some are from the music and movie industries, or in finance and media, while others are wine merchants and wine critics. It’s a fun gang of interesting personalities, though we are from very different backgrounds.Our ‘headquarters’ is always Beijing. We try to meet once or twice a month, even when we’re busy with our day jobs. We would pick a theme every time, and each would bring a bottle to share and talk about with others.We even spend festivals and celebrations together—the year before last a few of us met up for Valentine’s day. I brought a bottle of Clos de Vougeot Grand Crus, while my friends brought wines including limited edition Champagne and icewine from Canada. We had lots of fun (though not romantically) by sharing good food, wines and interesting topics.

 

Q: As an artist who loves wine a lot, how would you balance work and drinking?

Kubert Leung: I would drink a little bit to get into a more creative state. But drinking for fun is a different matter, and I’d rather keep them separate—honestly, drinking too much will bring nothing but a negative influence to work.We would only drink abundantly to celebrate after the end of a show. My team came from around the world, and the Australians and Canadians would bring wines from their home countries to share with everyone. When I travel to Changsha for a show I would bring my own wine or sometimes, whiskey.

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Image credit Kubert Leung

Q: Has your love in wine brought any changes to your life?

Kubert Leung: I have learnt to enjoy life more and discover the small and beautiful things in life—this is an attitude associated with the wine culture.I also try to visit more wine-producing regions when I travel. A while ago I was invited to Sweden as a commentator for the 2016 Eurovision Song Contest. I decided to drive all the way to Rome and Florence and visited a few wineries.On my way I was the most impressed by an almost mythical Vin Santo from a famous winery in Tuscany. The wine was so rich and sweet; I heard that it was matured for 10 years, during which 2/3 of the wine was lost—imagine how precious and delicious it was. They (the winery) would use the fat brandy glasses to swirl the wines around, releasing the luscious aromas of the wine. That was a very interesting experience.I also loved visiting the ancient castles of these wineries—you would hardly meet any tourists there. These old chateaux at nights are so mysterious and somewhat spooky—maybe I’ve watched too many horror movies.

 

Q: For leisure, which wine region would you visit next?

Kubert Leung: I would love to visit Burgundy, a region I have admired for so long. I am in fact looking up information about chateaux visits in Burgundy right now.I would go to the regions where my favourite wines were produced, to feel the local culture and environment for myself. The experience of visiting chateaux and communicating with winemakers always fascinates me. But I would prefer a spontaneous holiday— I’d choose not to plan every detail before I set off for a trip.

 

Q: In the Chinese music circle, what beverages are trending right now?

Kubert Leung: When I first came to work in the Mainland, Chinese Baijiu and expensive top cru classes from France, such as Lafite and Petrus, were the most popular.Whiskeys were the next to become popular, especially single malt whiskies. These can be very characterful and they satisfy different preferences, but they’re increasingly expensive nowadays—especially those Japanese whiskeys, which are the most fashionable right now.Although in the music circle people mainly drink whiskeys at the moment, there are a few wine lovers as well. Like me, they found their favourites when exploring wines from various regions and styles — eventually falling in love with wine.

 

Q: Finally, what is your wine dream?

Kubert Leung: My dream is to try more good wines, and visit as many wine regions around the world as possible with my fellow wine enthusiasts.

 

Translated by Sylvia Wu / 吴嘉溦

 

Maxime Lu / 陆江

-The founder and Chief wine editor of WineOnline.CN since 2005
-The founder and Chief wine educator of  WineSchool.CN since 2006
-The founder and main contributor for WineBlogChina.COM since 2011
-Wine Judge for international wine competitions: Decanter Asia Wine Awards 2015(Hongkong) , Wines of Portugal Challenge 2014(Lisbon) , Radici del Sud 2013 ( Puglia ) ,and some domestic wine competitions.
-A contributor for Decanter China(Chinese version of Decanter.com),Prowine China(Prowein branch) and for main stream media on fashion, finance , food and wine.
-The consultant of  Wine Collection.
-The consultant of wine companies.

Decanter Asia Wine Awards judge: Jiang Lu (Maxime LU) – Decanter亚洲葡萄酒大赛评委: 陆江

Decanter Asia Wine Awards (DAWA) judge: Jiang Lu (Maxime Lu)

Decanter亚洲葡萄酒大赛评委: 陆江

 

Jiang Lu, founder and chief wine advisor of Wineonline.cn based in Beijing, is a judge in the Decanter Asia Wine Awards (DAWA).

DAWA judge: Jiang Lu

DAWA judge: Jiang Lu (Maxime)

Jiang Lu (Maxime Lu) is the founder and chief wine editor of Wineonline.cn and has been running a wine club based in Beijing since 2005.  He is also the founder and chief wine educator of Wineschool.cn since 2006, and the founder and core contributor for Wineblogchina.com since 2011. Jiang Lu is a columnist for ProWine China nad 1756Chile in China.

A member of several blind tasting panels for publications including RVF China, Food & Wine (China), Wine in China, and a regular wine judge for international and domestic wine competitions, Jiang also acts as a consultant for various companies.

Jiang has been visiting the wine regions of USA, Chile, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, France, Italy, Portugal for over 15 years.

Jiang Lu has been a Decanter Asia Wine Awards judge since 2015.

Read more at http://www.decanter.com/dawa/the-dawa-judges/dawa-judge-jiang-lu-270491/

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